Well.. I feel awkward, here I was about to write up a nice page for you all but instead I found some awesome links, but they still suck. So I'll give you a few steps.
  1. Get Ubuntu / Kubuntu / Xubuntu
  2. Run it - It's bootable so burn it to a CD and boot - I have torrents for the ISOs
  3. Open up a terminal
  4. Enter in this command: man man
However, here's a subject that is often misrepresented. Shell programming. Let's pretend we're using bash (Bourne again shell).

Note: A line beginning with a $ denotes the prompt. Anything after a # is a comment

Input/Output (I/O) Redirection

Basics.

File descriptorabbreviated nameexpanded nameDescription
0stdinstandard inputUsually keyboard input
1stdoutstandard outputUsually what you want
2stderrstandard errorUsually an error or warning message
$ x=`ls` # Insert the standard output (hereforth stdout) of the command ls into the variable x.
$ echo $x # Display what is in the variable x. (Currently the output of ls)
$ echo "$x" # Display what is in the variable x. (Currently the output of ls)
$ echo '$x' # Display $x